The article describes how artificial intelligence research is broadly divided into two ambitious goals: creating artificial general intelligence (AGI) — a system with human‑level reasoning — and eventually achieving artificial superintelligence (ASI) — a system far surpassing human intellectual capacities. AGI is generally viewed as an initial breakthrough on the path to ASI, and many researchers assume AGI would come first and then help enable the leap to superintelligence. These are not just technical milestones but concepts that reshape how we think about intelligence and control in machines.
Inside the AI community, there’s a deep divide between two camps: those who see advanced AI as a potential existential threat and those who believe it will bring extraordinary benefits. The pessimistic group warns that reaching AGI or ASI could lead to scenarios where machines act against human interests, possibly even threatening existence. The optimistic camp argues that these advanced systems could solve major global problems — curing diseases, reducing poverty, and freeing humans from mundane work.
The article then explores a provocative idea: what if AGI and ASI end up in conflict? Instead of a smooth progression toward ever‑more advanced systems working together, AGI might resist or even try to block the emergence of ASI, either to protect humans or to secure its own position. If these intelligences are distinct entities with different architectures or goals, competitive dynamics could unfold rather than cooperation. Such scenarios underscore how little we truly understand about the future behaviour of autonomous intelligent systems and which safeguards might be needed.
Finally, the piece suggests that the path forward will be shaped by both technical uncertainty and philosophical disagreement. There’s no consensus on whether AGI or ASI will ever be realised, when it might happen, or whether such systems would be aligned with human values. This uncertainty feeds polarized debate, with advocates on both sides urging caution, preparation, or acceleration. Whatever the outcome, the discussion highlights the importance of thoughtful planning, safety research, and ethical consideration as AI technology continues advancing.
