Middle powers can effectively compete in the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence by leveraging their unique strengths and opportunities. One key approach is nurturing AI talent, as seen in countries like the UK, which is home to a significant number of top AI scholars and has produced notable AI models. Investing in research and development is also crucial, particularly in areas like AI safety, interpretability, and robustness, to establish a strong foundation for innovation.
Building specialized AI infrastructure, such as supercomputers like Britain's Isambard AI, can support AI model training and research. Establishing national laws and regulations that set high standards for AI safety, interpretability, and ethical standards can influence global AI practices. Furthermore, engaging in bilateral and multilateral cooperation with AI superpowers and other middle powers can help shape global AI governance frameworks and promote cooperation.
Countries like South Korea, Japan, Canada, and the UK are already making significant strides in AI. South Korea's strong position in semiconductor manufacturing and domestic companies developing large language models are notable examples. Japan's substantial sovereign wealth funds and focused investments in AI talent development and data center infrastructure also demonstrate the potential for middle powers to make a mark in AI.
Similarly, Canada and the UK's robust AI research ecosystems and talent pools enable them to build better, more cost-efficient large language models. Even countries like Saudi Arabia and the UAE are making significant investments in AI development, with a focus on growing talent bases and expanding technology export markets.
By adopting these strategies, middle powers can carve out a niche in the AI landscape and contribute to shaping the future of AI governance. This requires a nuanced understanding of their strengths and weaknesses, as well as a willingness to collaborate and innovate.
