Nepal's National AI Policy 2081 aims to build a "prosperous, inclusive, and ethical Nepal" through active development and use of AI. The policy has a comprehensive structure, including 7 broad policies, 12 strategies, and 69 specific action plans. While it promotes AI adoption in governance, digital transformation, and smart public services, aligning with global AI strategies, there are concerns about its effectiveness.
The policy's approach to economic growth is notable, linking AI development to job creation, innovation, and economic transformation. This is similar to China's and India's focus on AI for GDP growth. Additionally, the policy addresses AI ethics, accountability, and transparency, aligning with Canada's AI governance framework and the EU AI Act.
However, a significant weakness of the policy is the lack of a clear funding roadmap for AI research and development. Unlike countries like China, the EU, and Canada, which have dedicated funds for AI development, Nepal's policy does not provide a clear plan for funding. Furthermore, the policy's data protection framework is weak, with no dedicated AI data privacy law, unlike the EU's GDPR or India's Digital Data Protection Act.
To improve the policy's effectiveness, it is essential to strengthen ethical governance, increase funding, and develop AI talent. This could include establishing a Nepal AI Innovation Fund with matching grants for startups, launching a Nepal AI Talent Initiative with scholarships for AI degrees abroad, and prioritizing climate and agricultural AI.
Despite the policy's potential, its implementation may face challenges due to bureaucratic hurdles and funding issues. Additionally, AI-driven cybersecurity threats and misinformation pose significant risks to Nepal's AI ecosystem. To overcome these challenges, it is crucial to have sustained funding, bureaucratic persistence, and effective implementation.
Overall, Nepal's AI Policy 2081 is a step in the right direction, but its success depends on addressing the concerns and challenges mentioned above. With careful planning, effective implementation, and a commitment to AI development, Nepal can harness the potential of AI to drive economic growth, improve governance, and enhance the lives of its citizens.
