Governments worldwide are establishing regulatory frameworks to oversee artificial intelligence development and deployment. In India, the government has introduced the IndiaAI Mission, which includes an AI Competency Framework for Public Officials. This framework mandates AI training for bureaucrats and proposes a regulatory board to monitor AI applications in government services.
The regulatory approach to AI is crucial in ensuring that AI systems are fair, transparent, and accountable. The EU's AI Act adopts a risk-based approach, categorizing AI systems into unacceptable risk, high risk, limited risk, and low risk. This approach ensures that high-risk AI systems are subject to stricter regulations.
Transparency and accountability are essential in AI decision-making processes. This includes documenting AI models, algorithm design, and data sources. Human oversight is also crucial in areas where AI impacts public services or fundamental rights. This ensures that AI systems are fair, transparent, and accountable.
Data protection is another critical aspect of AI regulation. Governments are focusing on data protection laws, such as the Digital Personal Data Protection Act in India, which safeguards digital personal data and holds data fiduciaries accountable.
The global approach to AI regulation varies. The European Union has passed the AI Act, which sets out provisions to avoid or ban AI practices and systems considered unethical. The US has a decentralized approach, with specific AI regulations being introduced at both federal and state levels. India is working on drafting AI-specific regulations that would regulate high-risk AI systems and applications.
Sovereignty concerns may lead some nations to resist international AI regulation, making it challenging to achieve global cooperation. The technical complexity of AI systems also poses a challenge, as their decision-making processes can be hard to comprehend. Moreover, AI systems can perpetuate biases, particularly regarding marginalized communities, which regulatory frameworks must address to ensure fairness and transparency.
